Performance & Stability
        
        How Does Asynchronous Trading Affect Volatility Model Calibration?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        Asynchronous trading distorts volatility models by corrupting covariance inputs; correction requires specialized, event-driven estimators.
        
        What Are the Primary Challenges in Acquiring and Synchronizing the Necessary High-Frequency Data?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        The primary challenge is reconstructing a coherent, unified market state from fragmented, asynchronous data streams.

 
  
  
  
  
 