The assurance that a computation has been executed correctly and without unauthorized alteration or error, guaranteeing the integrity of outputs derived from a given input and program.
Mechanism
This property is achieved through cryptographic proofs, such as zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs), which allow one party to verify the correctness of a computation performed by another without re-executing it or revealing underlying data. It ensures deterministic execution within a defined computational environment.
Methodology
Systems employ verifiable computation protocols where the prover generates a concise proof for a computation’s result, and a verifier efficiently checks this proof. This establishes trust in outsourced or distributed computational processes, particularly in decentralized blockchain architectures where trust in individual nodes is minimized.
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