Performance & Stability
        
        How Does an Sor Differentiate between Real and Phantom Liquidity during Volatility?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        An SOR distinguishes real from phantom liquidity by treating quotes as claims to be verified via data-driven probing and adaptive routing.
        
        How Does the Proliferation of Dark Pools Affect the Design of a Smart Order Router’s Logic?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        The proliferation of dark pools compels a Smart Order Router to evolve from a static rule-based engine into a dynamic, predictive learning system.
        
        How Do Smart Order Routers Use Toxicity Scores to Improve Execution Performance?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        A Smart Order Router uses toxicity scores to quantify and mitigate adverse selection risk, improving execution by dynamically routing orders away from predatory trading environments.
        
        How Should a Best Execution Policy Adapt for Highly Volatile or Illiquid Market Conditions?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        A best execution policy adapts to volatility by dynamically recalibrating its algorithmic, venue, and risk parameters to prioritize certainty.
        
        How Do Smart Order Routers Adapt to Sudden Spikes in Market Volatility?
        
         
        
        
          
        
        
      
        
     
        
        A Smart Order Router adapts to volatility by dynamically rerouting orders to optimal venues based on real-time liquidity and risk analysis.

 
  
  
  
  
 