Lattice-Based Cryptography refers to a class of cryptographic primitives whose security relies on the computational difficulty of solving certain problems on mathematical lattices. This domain of cryptography is considered a leading candidate for post-quantum security, offering resilience against attacks from future quantum computers.
Mechanism
The security mechanism is rooted in problems such as the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP) or the Closest Vector Problem (CVP) within high-dimensional lattices. Encryption and decryption operations involve encoding information into these lattice structures, making it computationally infeasible for an adversary to recover the plaintext without the secret key, even with quantum algorithms.
Methodology
The development methodology focuses on constructing cryptographic schemes, including encryption, digital signatures, and key exchange, that derive their security from hard lattice problems. This involves careful parameter selection to ensure both security strength and practical performance, with ongoing research aiming to standardize efficient and provably secure lattice-based solutions for future cryptographic infrastructure, including potential blockchain applications.
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